Basic Knowledge of Spray Pump Products
Spray pumps are widely used in the cosmetics industry, such as for perfumes, air fresheners, and sunscreen sprays. The performance of the spray pump directly affects the user experience, making it a crucial component.
Product Definition
A spray pump, also known as a sprayer, is a key component in cosmetic containers. It uses the principle of atmospheric balance to dispense the liquid inside the bottle by pressing down. The high-speed flow of the liquid causes the air near the nozzle to move, increasing its speed and decreasing its pressure, creating a local low-pressure area. This allows the surrounding air to mix with the liquid, creating an aerosol effect.
Manufacturing Process
1. Molding Process
The snap-on parts (semi-snap aluminum, full-snap aluminum) and screw threads on spray pumps are usually made of plastic, sometimes with a layer of aluminum cover or electroplated aluminum. Most internal components of spray pumps are made of plastics such as PE, PP, and LDPE through injection molding. Glass beads and springs are typically outsourced.
2. Surface Treatment
The main components of the spray pump can undergo surface treatments like vacuum electroplating, electroplated aluminum, spraying, and injection molding in various colors.
3. Graphic Processing
The surfaces of the spray nozzle and collar can be printed with graphics and text using techniques like hot stamping and silk-screen printing. However, to maintain simplicity, printing is generally avoided on the nozzle.
PB15 Eco-friendly Mono PP Pump Fine Spray Bottle
Product Structure
1. Main Components
A typical spray pump consists of a nozzle/head, diffuser, central tube, lock cover, sealing gasket, piston core, piston, spring, pump body, and suction tube. The piston is an open piston that connects with the piston seat. When the compression rod moves upwards, the pump body opens to the outside, and when it moves downwards, the working chamber is sealed. The specific components may vary based on the pump design, but the principle and goal remain the same: to effectively dispense the contents.
2. Product Structure Reference
3. Water Dispensing Principle
Exhaust Process:
Assume the initial state has no liquid in the base working chamber. Pressing down the pump head compresses the rod, moving the piston downwards, compressing the spring. The working chamber volume decreases, increasing air pressure, sealing the water valve at the suction tube’s upper end. Since the piston and piston seat are not completely sealed, air escapes through the gap between them.
Water Suction Process:
After the exhaust process, releasing the pump head allows the compressed spring to expand, pushing the piston seat upwards, closing the gap between the piston and piston seat, and moving the piston and compression rod upwards. This increases the working chamber volume, reducing air pressure, creating a near-vacuum state, causing the water valve to open and liquid to be drawn into the pump body from the container.
Water Dispensing Process:
The principle is the same as the exhaust process, but with liquid in the pump body. When pressing the pump head, the water valve seals the suction tube’s upper end, preventing liquid from returning to the container. The liquid, being incompressible, flows through the gap between the piston and piston seat into the compression tube and exits through the nozzle.
Atomization Principle:
Due to the small nozzle opening, a smooth press creates a high flow speed. As the liquid exits the small hole, its speed increases, causing the surrounding air to move faster and decrease pressure, forming a local low-pressure area. This causes surrounding air to mix with the liquid, creating an aerosol effect similar to high-speed airflow impacting water droplets, breaking them into smaller droplets.
Applications in Cosmetic Products
Spray pumps are widely used in cosmetic products such as perfumes, hair gels, air fresheners, and serums.
Purchasing Considerations
Dispensers are classified into snap-on and screw-on types.
The pump head size matches the bottle diameter, with spray specifications ranging from 12.5mm to 24mm and a discharge volume of 0.1ml to 0.2ml per press, commonly used for perfumes and hair gels. The tube length can be adjusted based on the bottle height.
Measuring the spray dosage can be done using the tare measurement method or absolute value measurement, with an error margin within 0.02g. Pump size also determines dosage.
Spray pump molds are numerous and expensive.